Research Article Details
| Article ID: | A15052 |
| PMID: | 29118014 |
| Source: | Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab |
| Title: | Exercise training reduces intrahepatic lipid content in people with and people without nonalcoholic fatty liver. |
| Abstract: | Exercise training reduces intrahepatic lipid (IHL) content in people with elevated liver fat content. It is unclear, however, whether exercise training reduces IHL content in people with normal liver fat content. Here, we measured the effect of exercise training on IHL content in people with and people without nonalcohol fatty liver. We further measured changes in insulin sensitivity and hepatic energy metabolism. Eleven males with nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) and 11 body mass index-matched individuals without nonalcoholic fatty liver (CON) completed a 12-wk supervised exercise training program. IHL content (proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy), maximal oxidative capacity (V̇o2max, spiroergometry), total muscle strength, body composition, insulin sensitivity (hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp), hepatic ATP-to-total phosphorus ratio, and the hepatic phosphomonoester-to-phosphodiester (PME/PDE) ratio (phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy) were determined. IHL content reduced with exercise training ( P = 0.014) in the whole study population. The relative reduction in IHL content was comparable in NAFL (-34.5 ± 54.0%) and CON (-28.3 ± 60.1%) individuals ( P = 0.800). V̇o2max ( P < 0.001), total muscle strength ( P < 0.001), and skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity ( P = 0.004) increased, whereas adipose tissue ( P = 0.246) and hepatic ( P = 0.086) insulin sensitivity did not increase significantly. Hepatic ATP-to-total phosphorus ratio ( P = 0.987) and PME/PDE ratio ( P = 0.792) did not change. Changes in IHL content correlated with changes in body weight ( r = 0.451, P = 0.035) and changes in hepatic PME/PDE ratio ( r = 0.569, P = 0.019). In conclusion, exercise training reduced intrahepatic lipid content in people with nonalcoholic fatty liver and in people with normal intrahepatic lipid content, and the percent reduction in intrahepatic lipid content was similar in both groups. |
| DOI: | 10.1152/ajpendo.00266.2017 |
| Strategy ID | Therapy Strategy | Synonyms | Therapy Targets | Therapy Drugs | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S08 | Lifestyle measures | Lifestyle intervention; weight loss; diet adaptation; dietary interventions; lifestyle modifications; Exercise | -- | -- | Details |
| S01 | Improve insulin resistance | insulin sensitizer; insulin resistance; glucose tolerance | Biguanide: increases 5-AMP activated protein kinase signaling; SGLT-2 inhibitor; Thiazalidinedione: selective PPAR-γ agonists; GLP-1 agonist | Metformin; Empagliflozin; Canagliflozin; Rosiglitazone; Pioglitazone; Liraglutide | Details |
| S02 | Enhance lipid metabolism | triglyceride-lowering; lipid tolerance; lipid metabolism | 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) inhibitor; Decreases intestinal cholesterol absorption; FXR agonist; ACC inhibitor; FAS inhibitor; DGAT2 inhibitor; SCD-1 inhibitor | Atorvastatin; Ezetimibe; Obeticholic Acid; GS-9674; GS-0976; TVB-2640; IONIS-DGAT2rx; Aramchol; | Details |
| Target ID | Target Name | GENE | Action | Class | UniProtKB ID | Entry Name |
|---|
| Diseases ID | DO ID | Disease Name | Definition | Class | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I05 | 9352 | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | A diabetes that is characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. A diabetes mellitus that is characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and relative lack of insulin. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus_type_2 | disease of metabolism/inherited metabolic disorder/ carbohydrate metabolic disorder/glucose metabolism disease/diabetes/ diabetes mellitus | Details |
| Drug ID | Drug Name | Type | DrugBank ID | Targets | Category | Latest Progress | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| D010 | Amoxicillin | Chemical drug | DB01060 | -- | -- | Under clinical trials | Details |
| D080 | Citrulline | Chemical drug | DB00155 | -- | -- | Under clinical trials | Details |
| D083 | CLA | Chemical drug | DB01211 | KCNH2; SLCO1B1; SLCO1B3 | -- | Under clinical trials | Details |
| D182 | Insulin | Biological drug | DB00030 | INSR agonist; CPE modulator&product of | -- | Under clinical trials | Details |
| D094 | Cysteamine | Chemical drug | DB00847 | GSS stimulant | Renal drug | Under clinical trials | Details |
| D095 | Cysteamine bitartrate | Chemical drug | DB00847 | -- | -- | Under clinical trials | Details |