Research Article Details
| Article ID: | A20391 |
| PMID: | 25995986 |
| Source: | J Diabetes Metab Disord |
| Title: | Diagnostic accuracy of acyl-ghrelin and it association with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in type 2 diabetic patients. |
| Abstract: | BACKGROUND: Ghrelin is a hormone produced mainly by the cells lining the fundus of the stomach, which is involved in regulation of lipid and glucose metabolism. Two major forms of ghrelin can be found in circulation: an acylated form, and non-acylated form. Serum acyl-ghrelin (AG) concentration is significantly increased in patients with visceral obesity and insulin resistance. This study was conducted to evaluate changes in serum AG levels, its diagnostic accuracy and association with NAFLD in patients with type two diabetes (T2D). METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 91 T2D patients, age of 40-80 years, were included. All patients were divided into 3 groups. The control group included 28 T2D patients without NAFLD. The main group included 63 T2D patients with NAFLD, which was divided in 2 subgroups depending on transaminase levels: normal (n = 37) and elevated (n = 26) transaminases group. To assess the diagnostic accuracy of AG for NAFLD we used ROC-analysis. RESULTS: We observed 1.5 (p = 0.016) and 2.5 (p < 0.001) fold increasing of serum AG levels in patients with NAFLD and normal or elevated transaminases compared to control groups. In multivariate logistic regression analysis high AG level was an independent, from transaminases activity, triglycerides (OR 1.791; 95 % CI 1.162-2.759; p = 0.008) and degree of IR (OR 1.599; 95 % CI 1.019-2.508; p = 0.044) predictor that associated with NAFLD. When serum AG used as non-invasive marker for NAFLD detection AUROC was 0.835 (95 % CI 0.752-0.918, p < 0.001). The cut-off value was >0.52 ng/ml, with sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV - 60.3 %, 92.8 %, 95.0 %, 50.9 % respectively. For distinguishing patients with NAFLD and elevated transaminases from patients with NAFLD and normal values AG was less effective. CONCLUSIONS: Our study has demonstrated that elevated AG level were associated with NAFLD. Patients with elevated transaminases had significantly higher AG levels. An increase of AG over 0.52 ng/ml can be used as a diagnostic marker for NAFLD detection in patients with T2D. |
| DOI: | 10.1186/s40200-015-0170-1 |
| Strategy ID | Therapy Strategy | Synonyms | Therapy Targets | Therapy Drugs | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S01 | Improve insulin resistance | insulin sensitizer; insulin resistance; glucose tolerance | Biguanide: increases 5-AMP activated protein kinase signaling; SGLT-2 inhibitor; Thiazalidinedione: selective PPAR-γ agonists; GLP-1 agonist | Metformin; Empagliflozin; Canagliflozin; Rosiglitazone; Pioglitazone; Liraglutide | Details |
| Diseases ID | DO ID | Disease Name | Definition | Class | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I05 | 9352 | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | A diabetes that is characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. A diabetes mellitus that is characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and relative lack of insulin. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus_type_2 | disease of metabolism/inherited metabolic disorder/ carbohydrate metabolic disorder/glucose metabolism disease/diabetes/ diabetes mellitus | Details |
| I14 | 9970 | Obesity | An overnutrition that is characterized by excess body fat, traditionally defined as an elevated ratio of weight to height (specifically 30 kilograms per meter squared), has_material_basis_in a multifactorial etiology related to excess nutrition intake, decreased caloric utilization, and genetic susceptibility, and possibly medications and certain disorders of metabolism, endocrine function, and mental illness. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obesity | disease of metabolism/acquired metabolic disease/ nutrition disease/overnutrition | Details |
| Drug ID | Drug Name | Type | DrugBank ID | Targets | Category | Latest Progress | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| D080 | Citrulline | Chemical drug | DB00155 | -- | -- | Under clinical trials | Details |
| D328 | Serine | Chemical drug | DB00133 | SRR | Improve insulin resistance | Under clinical trials | Details |
| D316 | S-adenosyl-L-methionine | Chemical drug | DB00118 | GNMT cofactor | Antiviral | Under clinical trials | Details |
| D182 | Insulin | Biological drug | DB00030 | INSR agonist; CPE modulator&product of | -- | Under clinical trials | Details |