Research Article Details
| Article ID: | A21146 |
| PMID: | 25514916 |
| Source: | Rev Recent Clin Trials |
| Title: | Non alcoholic fatty liver: epidemiology and natural history. |
| Abstract: | Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD), defined as the presence of a significant amount of lipid accumulation in the liver (at least in 5% of hepatocytes), represents a challenging issue for the Hepatologists. NAFLD is not represented by a single entity, but rather by two different entities that have different natural history and evolution that range from simple fat accumulation in the liver (without any consequence), to necroinflammation, fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The reason of these differences has to be found in the host characteristics and associated risk factors. Globally, its prevalence among liver diseases, and in the general population, is rising in the recent years along with its associated conditions: obesity, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome and diabetes. This increment, together with the reported clinical conditions, may be accounted for changes in dietary habits and the increase of sedentary lifestyle. Its diffusion seems to be pandemic, given that it is beginning to affect the populations in the developing world due to the spread of Western lifestyle. This is particularly worrying in young adults and children in what seems to have become the main cause of liver disease. Even if the real rate of global incidence of NAFLD are not known, its worldwide prevalence in general population is estimated to be 20-30% in Western Countries and 5-18% in Asia and it is increasing over time. In this review we will report on the global and regional prevalence of NAFLD, the principal risk factors and the natural history of its different presentations. |
| DOI: | 10.2174/1574887109666141216111143 |
| Strategy ID | Therapy Strategy | Synonyms | Therapy Targets | Therapy Drugs | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S01 | Improve insulin resistance | insulin sensitizer; insulin resistance; glucose tolerance | Biguanide: increases 5-AMP activated protein kinase signaling; SGLT-2 inhibitor; Thiazalidinedione: selective PPAR-γ agonists; GLP-1 agonist | Metformin; Empagliflozin; Canagliflozin; Rosiglitazone; Pioglitazone; Liraglutide | Details |
| S03 | Anti-fibrosis | fibrosis | Angiotensin Receptor Blocker (ARB); CCR2/CCR5 antagonist; Thyroid receptor β agonist; PEGylated human FGF21 analogue; Monoclonal antibody to lysyl oxidase-like 2 (LOXL2); Galectin-3 inhibitor; FGF19 variant | Losartan; Cenicriviroc; VK-2809; MGL-3196; Pegbelfermin; Simtuzumab; GR-MD-02; NGM282 | Details |
| Diseases ID | DO ID | Disease Name | Definition | Class | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I05 | 9352 | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | A diabetes that is characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. A diabetes mellitus that is characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and relative lack of insulin. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus_type_2 | disease of metabolism/inherited metabolic disorder/ carbohydrate metabolic disorder/glucose metabolism disease/diabetes/ diabetes mellitus | Details |
| I14 | 9970 | Obesity | An overnutrition that is characterized by excess body fat, traditionally defined as an elevated ratio of weight to height (specifically 30 kilograms per meter squared), has_material_basis_in a multifactorial etiology related to excess nutrition intake, decreased caloric utilization, and genetic susceptibility, and possibly medications and certain disorders of metabolism, endocrine function, and mental illness. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obesity | disease of metabolism/acquired metabolic disease/ nutrition disease/overnutrition | Details |