Research Article Details
| Article ID: | A21581 |
| PMID: | 25211791 |
| Source: | Practitioner |
| Title: | Improving outcomes for patients with obesity. |
| Abstract: | In England there has been a sharp increase in the prevalence of overweight and obesity in adults. In 1993 58% of men and 49% of women were classified as overweight or obese compared with 65% and 58% respectively in 2011; 24% of men and 26% of women were classed as obese in 2011. Body mass index (BMI) is the most commonly used measure to classify people into weight categories. While the use of BMI has limitations, as it does not take into account the difference between muscle and fat, it is a good quick indicator of increased risks. Obesity increases the risk of hypertension, coronary heart disease, deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. It is also associated with an increased risk of certain cancers. Obesity is an important risk factor for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease which if left untreated can progress to severe forms of liver disease, such as non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, fibrosis and cirrhosis. The risk of sleep apnoea is raised in obese individuals as is that for gastro-oesophageal reflux and gallstones, stress incontinence in women and erectile dysfunction in men. Lifestyle weight management programmes should be multicomponent, developed by a multidisciplinary team, and delivered by individuals who have undergone appropriate training. They should focus on long-term weight loss and prevention of weight regain and continue for a minimum of three months. Effective programmes include setting dietary targets, such as specific reductions in energy intake. Other options that GPs and practice nurses might offer within the practice, over and above referral to lifestyle programmes, include help with intermittent or regular motivational support, and/or drug therapy. |
| DOI: |
| Strategy ID | Therapy Strategy | Synonyms | Therapy Targets | Therapy Drugs | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S08 | Lifestyle measures | Lifestyle intervention; weight loss; diet adaptation; dietary interventions; lifestyle modifications; Exercise | -- | -- | Details |
| S03 | Anti-fibrosis | fibrosis | Angiotensin Receptor Blocker (ARB); CCR2/CCR5 antagonist; Thyroid receptor β agonist; PEGylated human FGF21 analogue; Monoclonal antibody to lysyl oxidase-like 2 (LOXL2); Galectin-3 inhibitor; FGF19 variant | Losartan; Cenicriviroc; VK-2809; MGL-3196; Pegbelfermin; Simtuzumab; GR-MD-02; NGM282 | Details |
| Diseases ID | DO ID | Disease Name | Definition | Class | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I12 | 10763 | Hypertension | An artery disease characterized by chronic elevated blood pressure in the arteries. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertension, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24352797 | disease of anatomical entity/ cardiovascular system disease/vascular disease/ artery disease | Details |
| I14 | 9970 | Obesity | An overnutrition that is characterized by excess body fat, traditionally defined as an elevated ratio of weight to height (specifically 30 kilograms per meter squared), has_material_basis_in a multifactorial etiology related to excess nutrition intake, decreased caloric utilization, and genetic susceptibility, and possibly medications and certain disorders of metabolism, endocrine function, and mental illness. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obesity | disease of metabolism/acquired metabolic disease/ nutrition disease/overnutrition | Details |
| Drug ID | Drug Name | Type | DrugBank ID | Targets | Category | Latest Progress | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| D579 | Emfilermin | Miscellany | -- | adipocytes | Enhance lipid metabolism | Under investigation | Details |
| D083 | CLA | Chemical drug | DB01211 | KCNH2; SLCO1B1; SLCO1B3 | -- | Under clinical trials | Details |
| D253 | Oleoylethanolamide | Chemical drug | DB16495 | -- | -- | Under clinical trials | Details |
| D094 | Cysteamine | Chemical drug | DB00847 | GSS stimulant | Renal drug | Under clinical trials | Details |
| D095 | Cysteamine bitartrate | Chemical drug | DB00847 | -- | -- | Under clinical trials | Details |