Research Article Details
| Article ID: | A24359 |
| PMID: | 22969777 |
| Source: | Cardiorenal Med |
| Title: | Relationship between Changes in Plasma Adiponectin Concentration and Insulin Sensitivity after Niacin Therapy. |
| Abstract: | BACKGROUND: Niaspan® (extended-release niacin) is a nicotinic acid formulation used to treat dyslipidemia in obese subjects. Niaspan binds to the GPR109A receptor in adipose tissue and stimulates adiponectin secretion, which should improve insulin sensitivity. However, Niaspan therapy often causes insulin resistance. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether Niaspan-induced changes in plasma adiponectin concentration are associated with a blunting of Niaspan's adverse effect on insulin action in obese subjects with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). METHODS: A hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp procedure was used to assess muscle insulin sensitivity before and after 16 weeks of Niaspan therapy in 9 obese subjects with NAFLD [age 43 ± 5 years; BMI 35.1 ± 1.3 (means ± SEM)]. RESULTS: Niaspan therapy did not affect body weight (99.1 ± 4.2 vs. 100 ± 4.4 kg) or percent body fat (37.8 ± 2.5 vs. 37.0 ± 2.5%). However, Niaspan therapy caused a 22% reduction in insulin-mediated glucose disposal (p < 0.05). The deterioration in glucose disposal was inversely correlated with the Niaspan-induced increase in plasma adiponectin concentration (r = 0.67, p = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate that Niaspan causes skeletal muscle insulin resistance, independent of changes in body weight or body fat, and the Niaspan-induced increase in plasma adiponectin concentration might partially ameliorate Niaspan's adverse effect on insulin action in obese subjects with NAFLD. |
| DOI: | 10.1159/000340037 |
| Strategy ID | Therapy Strategy | Synonyms | Therapy Targets | Therapy Drugs | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S01 | Improve insulin resistance | insulin sensitizer; insulin resistance; glucose tolerance | Biguanide: increases 5-AMP activated protein kinase signaling; SGLT-2 inhibitor; Thiazalidinedione: selective PPAR-γ agonists; GLP-1 agonist | Metformin; Empagliflozin; Canagliflozin; Rosiglitazone; Pioglitazone; Liraglutide | Details |
| Target ID | Target Name | GENE | Action | Class | UniProtKB ID | Entry Name |
|---|
| Diseases ID | DO ID | Disease Name | Definition | Class | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I13 | 3146 | Lipid metabolism disorder | An inherited metabolic disorder that involves the creation and degradation of lipids. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid_metabolism | disease of metabolism/ inherited metabolic disorder | Details |
| I05 | 9352 | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | A diabetes that is characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. A diabetes mellitus that is characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and relative lack of insulin. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus_type_2 | disease of metabolism/inherited metabolic disorder/ carbohydrate metabolic disorder/glucose metabolism disease/diabetes/ diabetes mellitus | Details |
| Drug ID | Drug Name | Type | DrugBank ID | Targets | Category | Latest Progress | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| D239 | Niacin | Supplement | DB00627 | NNMT binder | Hypolipidemic drug | Under clinical trials | Details |
| D083 | CLA | Chemical drug | DB01211 | KCNH2; SLCO1B1; SLCO1B3 | -- | Under clinical trials | Details |
| D182 | Insulin | Biological drug | DB00030 | INSR agonist; CPE modulator&product of | -- | Under clinical trials | Details |
| D094 | Cysteamine | Chemical drug | DB00847 | GSS stimulant | Renal drug | Under clinical trials | Details |
| D095 | Cysteamine bitartrate | Chemical drug | DB00847 | -- | -- | Under clinical trials | Details |