Research Article Details
| Article ID: | A27315 |
| PMID: | 18661429 |
| Source: | Scand J Gastroenterol |
| Title: | Insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome in chronic liver diseases: old entities with new implications. |
| Abstract: | Insulin resistance (IR) and metabolic syndrome have recently been implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of chronic liver diseases, especially chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In this review, we provide current information on their deleterious effect on the liver, with particular interest in those two entities. In NAFLD, IR causes both the accumulation of fat in hepatocytes and the progression to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Moreover, the presence of metabolic syndrome seems to be associated with severe fibrosis in NASH patients. In CHC, IR develops early in the course of the disease and precedes steatosis. It is also independently associated with histological severity and negatively affects treatment response, irrespective of genotype. Consequently, therapies targeting IR and metabolic syndrome could indirectly ameliorate the prognosis of both NAFLD and CHC. As specific therapies do not exist, patients with metabolic syndrome and CHC and NAFLD should be counseled to lose weight and ameliorate their glycemic control and lipid profile. |
| DOI: | 10.1080/00365520802273058 |
| Strategy ID | Therapy Strategy | Synonyms | Therapy Targets | Therapy Drugs | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S01 | Improve insulin resistance | insulin sensitizer; insulin resistance; glucose tolerance | Biguanide: increases 5-AMP activated protein kinase signaling; SGLT-2 inhibitor; Thiazalidinedione: selective PPAR-γ agonists; GLP-1 agonist | Metformin; Empagliflozin; Canagliflozin; Rosiglitazone; Pioglitazone; Liraglutide | Details |
| S03 | Anti-fibrosis | fibrosis | Angiotensin Receptor Blocker (ARB); CCR2/CCR5 antagonist; Thyroid receptor β agonist; PEGylated human FGF21 analogue; Monoclonal antibody to lysyl oxidase-like 2 (LOXL2); Galectin-3 inhibitor; FGF19 variant | Losartan; Cenicriviroc; VK-2809; MGL-3196; Pegbelfermin; Simtuzumab; GR-MD-02; NGM282 | Details |
| Diseases ID | DO ID | Disease Name | Definition | Class | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I05 | 9352 | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | A diabetes that is characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. A diabetes mellitus that is characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and relative lack of insulin. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus_type_2 | disease of metabolism/inherited metabolic disorder/ carbohydrate metabolic disorder/glucose metabolism disease/diabetes/ diabetes mellitus | Details |