Research Article Details
| Article ID: | A28272 |
| PMID: | 15859390 |
| Source: | Ann Ital Med Int |
| Title: | [Hepatitis C virus-associated and metabolic steatosis. Different or overlapping diseases?]. |
| Abstract: | Hepatic steatosis is the hallmark of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which is the consequence of multiple metabolic derangements among which insulin resistance plays a pivotal role. Steatosis is, also, a feature of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. However, in chronic hepatitis C, the prevalence of steatosis is 2.5-fold more elevated than that expected by a chance concurrence with NAFLD, suggesting that HCV may be implied in the development of steatosis. As observed in NAFLD, in patients infected with HCV genotype 1 steatosis is associated with an increased body mass index. On the other hand, in patients infected with genotype 3 the extent of steatosis strictly correlates with the viral load indicating that steatosis is mainly "virus-related". Regardless of the "metabolic" or "viral" etiology, hepatic steatosis in HCV contributes to the progression of liver fibrosis, to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma and to an impaired response to interferon treatment. Features such as obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus are shared by NAFLD and HCV-associated steatosis. In addition, HCV infection, directly or through steatosis, favors the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Hyperlipidemia is an independent predictor of the development of NAFLD, but not of HCV-associated steatosis. Arterial hypertension is common in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis patients, and HCV infection has recently been acknowledged as an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis. The role of iron in the progression of both NAFLD and HCV-associated steatosis remains controversial while lipoperoxidation and oxidative stress are pathogenic mechanisms shared by both. Some metabolic risk factors may be shared by both HCV-associated steatosis and NAFLD although the disease progression and pathophysiological background may be different. Preliminary data suggest that the therapeutic options for NAFLD may also be useful to improve HCV-associated steatosis. |
| DOI: |
| Strategy ID | Therapy Strategy | Synonyms | Therapy Targets | Therapy Drugs | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S01 | Improve insulin resistance | insulin sensitizer; insulin resistance; glucose tolerance | Biguanide: increases 5-AMP activated protein kinase signaling; SGLT-2 inhibitor; Thiazalidinedione: selective PPAR-γ agonists; GLP-1 agonist | Metformin; Empagliflozin; Canagliflozin; Rosiglitazone; Pioglitazone; Liraglutide | Details |
| S03 | Anti-fibrosis | fibrosis | Angiotensin Receptor Blocker (ARB); CCR2/CCR5 antagonist; Thyroid receptor β agonist; PEGylated human FGF21 analogue; Monoclonal antibody to lysyl oxidase-like 2 (LOXL2); Galectin-3 inhibitor; FGF19 variant | Losartan; Cenicriviroc; VK-2809; MGL-3196; Pegbelfermin; Simtuzumab; GR-MD-02; NGM282 | Details |
| S04 | Anti-oxidative stress | oxidative stress | α-tocopherol: antioxidant | Vitamin E | Details |
| Target ID | Target Name | GENE | Action | Class | UniProtKB ID | Entry Name |
|---|
| Diseases ID | DO ID | Disease Name | Definition | Class | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I12 | 10763 | Hypertension | An artery disease characterized by chronic elevated blood pressure in the arteries. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertension, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24352797 | disease of anatomical entity/ cardiovascular system disease/vascular disease/ artery disease | Details |
| I05 | 9352 | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | A diabetes that is characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. A diabetes mellitus that is characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and relative lack of insulin. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus_type_2 | disease of metabolism/inherited metabolic disorder/ carbohydrate metabolic disorder/glucose metabolism disease/diabetes/ diabetes mellitus | Details |
| I14 | 9970 | Obesity | An overnutrition that is characterized by excess body fat, traditionally defined as an elevated ratio of weight to height (specifically 30 kilograms per meter squared), has_material_basis_in a multifactorial etiology related to excess nutrition intake, decreased caloric utilization, and genetic susceptibility, and possibly medications and certain disorders of metabolism, endocrine function, and mental illness. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obesity | disease of metabolism/acquired metabolic disease/ nutrition disease/overnutrition | Details |
| I07 | 1936 | Arteriosclerosis | Build-up of fatty material and calcium deposition in the arterial wall resulting in partial or complete occlusion of the arterial lumen.https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=ncit&code=C35768 | disease of anatomical entity/cardiovascular system disease/ vascular disease/ artery disease | Details |