Research Article Details
| Article ID: | A03002 |
| PMID: | 34168429 |
| Source: | Drug Des Devel Ther |
| Title: | Metformin in Combination with Malvidin Prevents Progression of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease via Improving Lipid and Glucose Metabolisms, and Inhibiting Inflammation in Type 2 Diabetes Rats. |
| Abstract: | Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the primary causes of chronic liver disease and is closely linked to insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and dyslipidemia. However, no effective drug therapies have been approved to treat this disease. The present research aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of the combination of oral hypoglycemic drug metformin (MET) and a natural product malvidin (MAL) on hepatic damage in HFD/STZ-induced diabetic rats. Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups: normal control group (NC), diabetic control group (DC), DC+MET group, DC+MAL group, and DC+MET+MAL group and treated for eight weeks. Blood and liver tissue samples were collected for metabolic parameters, histological, and RT-qPCR analysis. Results: Our findings indicated that hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in diabetic rats were alleviated after oral treatment with MET and MAL, particularly their combination therapy. Besides, the expression of SREBP-1c, ACC, FAS, IL-6, IL-8, and NF-κB mRNA was down-regulated by MET+MAL, and the expression of PPARα, CPT1, and LPL was up-regulated by MET+MAL. Conclusion: The evidence of this research indicated that the combination therapy may represent an efficient strategy against NAFLD in T2DM rats via improving lipid and glucose metabolisms, and inhibiting inflammation. |
| DOI: | 10.2147/DDDT.S307257 |
| Strategy ID | Therapy Strategy | Synonyms | Therapy Targets | Therapy Drugs | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S01 | Improve insulin resistance | insulin sensitizer; insulin resistance; glucose tolerance | Biguanide: increases 5-AMP activated protein kinase signaling; SGLT-2 inhibitor; Thiazalidinedione: selective PPAR-γ agonists; GLP-1 agonist | Metformin; Empagliflozin; Canagliflozin; Rosiglitazone; Pioglitazone; Liraglutide | Details |
| S02 | Enhance lipid metabolism | triglyceride-lowering; lipid tolerance; lipid metabolism | 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) inhibitor; Decreases intestinal cholesterol absorption; FXR agonist; ACC inhibitor; FAS inhibitor; DGAT2 inhibitor; SCD-1 inhibitor | Atorvastatin; Ezetimibe; Obeticholic Acid; GS-9674; GS-0976; TVB-2640; IONIS-DGAT2rx; Aramchol; | Details |
| Diseases ID | DO ID | Disease Name | Definition | Class | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I13 | 3146 | Lipid metabolism disorder | An inherited metabolic disorder that involves the creation and degradation of lipids. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid_metabolism | disease of metabolism/ inherited metabolic disorder | Details |
| I05 | 9352 | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | A diabetes that is characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. A diabetes mellitus that is characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and relative lack of insulin. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus_type_2 | disease of metabolism/inherited metabolic disorder/ carbohydrate metabolic disorder/glucose metabolism disease/diabetes/ diabetes mellitus | Details |
| Drug ID | Drug Name | Type | DrugBank ID | Targets | Category | Latest Progress | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| D225 | Metformin | Chemical drug | DB00331 | PRKAB1 inducer activator; ETEDH inhibitor; GPD1 inhibitor | Improve insulin resistance | Under clinical trials | Details |
| D011 | Anthocyanin | Chemical drug | -- | -- | Anti-inflammatory | Failed in clinical trials | Details |
| D182 | Insulin | Biological drug | DB00030 | INSR agonist; CPE modulator&product of | -- | Under clinical trials | Details |
| D316 | S-adenosyl-L-methionine | Chemical drug | DB00118 | GNMT cofactor | Antiviral | Under clinical trials | Details |
| D157 | Glucophage | Chemical drug | DB00331 | -- | -- | Under clinical trials | Details |