Research Article Details
| Article ID: | A46802 |
| PMID: | 15262299 |
| Source: | Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am |
| Title: | Glitazones and the management of insulin resistance: what they do and how might they be used. |
| Abstract: | Thiazolidinediones (glitazones) are the only compounds currently available that specifically target tissue insulin resistance. The two currently available drugs in this class, pioglitazone and rosiglitazone,are approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus only. The therapeutic potential of the glitazones for other consequences of insulin resistance has stirred considerable interest, especially with regard to their potential beneficial impact on atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and diabetes prevention. They also have been considered in the management of polycystic ovarian syndrome, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and other consequences of insulin resistance. The nonglycemic potential of glitazones is a clinical area in rapid evolution, wherein most data are on the impact of the glitazones onsurrogate markers that are associated with diseases, not on disease outcomes. This article provides insight and guidance to clinicians on the diverse nonglycemic potential of glitazones until conclusive outcome data become available. |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.ecl.2004.04.003 |
| Strategy ID | Therapy Strategy | Synonyms | Therapy Targets | Therapy Drugs | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S01 | Improve insulin resistance | insulin sensitizer; insulin resistance; glucose tolerance | Biguanide: increases 5-AMP activated protein kinase signaling; SGLT-2 inhibitor; Thiazalidinedione: selective PPAR-γ agonists; GLP-1 agonist | Metformin; Empagliflozin; Canagliflozin; Rosiglitazone; Pioglitazone; Liraglutide | Details |
| Target ID | Target Name | GENE | Action | Class | UniProtKB ID | Entry Name |
|---|
| Diseases ID | DO ID | Disease Name | Definition | Class | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I05 | 9352 | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | A diabetes that is characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. A diabetes mellitus that is characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and relative lack of insulin. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus_type_2 | disease of metabolism/inherited metabolic disorder/ carbohydrate metabolic disorder/glucose metabolism disease/diabetes/ diabetes mellitus | Details |
| Drug ID | Drug Name | Type | DrugBank ID | Targets | Category | Latest Progress | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| D366 | Thiazolidinediones | Chemical drug | DB11898 | -- | -- | Under clinical trials | Details |
| D275 | Pioglitazone | Chemical drug | DB01132 | PPARG agonist | Improve insulin resistance | Advanced in clinical trials | Details |
| D083 | CLA | Chemical drug | DB01211 | KCNH2; SLCO1B1; SLCO1B3 | -- | Under clinical trials | Details |
| D182 | Insulin | Biological drug | DB00030 | INSR agonist; CPE modulator&product of | -- | Under clinical trials | Details |
| D311 | Rosiglitazone | Chemical drug | DB00412 | PPARG agonist; PPARA; PPARD | Improve insulin resistance | Failed in clinical trials | Details |