Research Article Details
| Article ID: | A52104 |
| PMID: | 31184331 |
| Source: | Rev Invest Clin |
| Title: | NUTRIGENOMICS AS A TOOL IN THE PREVENTION OF LIPOTOXICITY: THE CASE OF SOY PROTEIN. |
| Abstract: | Obesity is associated with an increase of several metabolic disorders leading to the development of diseases such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. This is due in part to the ectopic accumulation of triglycerides in organs that are non-adipose tissues, leading to lipotoxicity. Particularly, in the liver, the accumulation of lipids, mainly of triglycerides, leads to the formation of fatty liver. The accumulation of lipids in skeletal muscle and pancreas associates with insulin resistance and a decrease in insulin secretion, respectively. In addition, it has been suggested that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota can contribute to the process of lipid accumulation in non-adipose tissues, especially in the liver. The aim of the present review is to highlight the mechanisms associated with the development of lipotoxicity, and how with the advances in nutrigenomics, it is now possible to understand the molecular mechanisms by which some nutrients can attenuate the ectopic accumulation of triglycerides in non-adipose tissues. Particularly, we emphasize research conducted on the molecular mechanisms of action of soy protein and some of its isoflavones, and how these can reduce lipotoxicity by preventing the accumulation of lipids in the liver, skeletal muscle, and pancreas, as well as their role on the gut microbiota to attenuate the development of fatty liver. Thus, nutrigenomics is opening new dietary strategies based on several functional foods that can be used to ameliorate the pathologies associated with lipotoxicity. |
| DOI: | 10.24875/RIC.18002843 |
| Strategy ID | Therapy Strategy | Synonyms | Therapy Targets | Therapy Drugs | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S01 | Improve insulin resistance | insulin sensitizer; insulin resistance; glucose tolerance | Biguanide: increases 5-AMP activated protein kinase signaling; SGLT-2 inhibitor; Thiazalidinedione: selective PPAR-γ agonists; GLP-1 agonist | Metformin; Empagliflozin; Canagliflozin; Rosiglitazone; Pioglitazone; Liraglutide | Details |
| S02 | Enhance lipid metabolism | triglyceride-lowering; lipid tolerance; lipid metabolism | 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) inhibitor; Decreases intestinal cholesterol absorption; FXR agonist; ACC inhibitor; FAS inhibitor; DGAT2 inhibitor; SCD-1 inhibitor | Atorvastatin; Ezetimibe; Obeticholic Acid; GS-9674; GS-0976; TVB-2640; IONIS-DGAT2rx; Aramchol; | Details |
| S06 | Regulating intestinal flora | intestine gut microbiota; gut microbiota | farnesoid X receptor (FXR); fibroblast growth factor-19 (FGF19) | Probiotics; Prebiotics; Rifaximin; Yaq-001; Cilofexor; EDP-305; EYP001a; INT-767 | Details |
| Diseases ID | DO ID | Disease Name | Definition | Class | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I13 | 3146 | Lipid metabolism disorder | An inherited metabolic disorder that involves the creation and degradation of lipids. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid_metabolism | disease of metabolism/ inherited metabolic disorder | Details |
| I05 | 9352 | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | A diabetes that is characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. A diabetes mellitus that is characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and relative lack of insulin. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus_type_2 | disease of metabolism/inherited metabolic disorder/ carbohydrate metabolic disorder/glucose metabolism disease/diabetes/ diabetes mellitus | Details |
| I14 | 9970 | Obesity | An overnutrition that is characterized by excess body fat, traditionally defined as an elevated ratio of weight to height (specifically 30 kilograms per meter squared), has_material_basis_in a multifactorial etiology related to excess nutrition intake, decreased caloric utilization, and genetic susceptibility, and possibly medications and certain disorders of metabolism, endocrine function, and mental illness. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obesity | disease of metabolism/acquired metabolic disease/ nutrition disease/overnutrition | Details |