Research Article Details
| Article ID: | A46269 |
| PMID: | 19913850 |
| Source: | Metabolism |
| Title: | The possible role of liver steatosis in defining metabolic syndrome in prepubertal children. |
| Abstract: | Insulin resistance is a key component of the metabolic syndrome (MS) and is strongly associated with liver steatosis. Our aim was to evaluate whether MS should be diagnosed already in obese prepubertal children and whether its prevalence is influenced by the inclusion of hepatic steatosis as a diagnostic criterion. Eighty-nine obese children (43 boys; age median [range], 8.5 [6-10] years) were enrolled. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed according to a classic definition: presence of 3 or more of the following criteria-body mass index greater than 2 standard deviation score, triglycerides greater than the 95th percentile, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol less than the fifth percentile, blood pressure greater than the 95th percentile, and impaired glucose tolerance. Afterward, liver steatosis was included as an additional criterion to this definition. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed in 12 children (13.5%) according to the first definition and in 18 children (20.2%) when liver steatosis was included. The prevalence of MS increased across homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance tertiles (P for trend = .01). The prevalence of the single components of the MS was as follows: obesity, 100%; hypertriglyceridemia, 27%; low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, 2.2%; hypertension, 34.8%; impaired glucose tolerance, 4.5%; and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, 21.3%. In conclusion, MS is common already among prepubertal obese children, particularly when liver steatosis is included among the diagnostic criteria. Therefore, screening for the MS should be performed in this age group; and hepatic steatosis should be considered as an additional diagnostic criterion. |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.metabol.2009.09.012 |
| Strategy ID | Therapy Strategy | Synonyms | Therapy Targets | Therapy Drugs | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S01 | Improve insulin resistance | insulin sensitizer; insulin resistance; glucose tolerance | Biguanide: increases 5-AMP activated protein kinase signaling; SGLT-2 inhibitor; Thiazalidinedione: selective PPAR-γ agonists; GLP-1 agonist | Metformin; Empagliflozin; Canagliflozin; Rosiglitazone; Pioglitazone; Liraglutide | Details |
| Diseases ID | DO ID | Disease Name | Definition | Class | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I13 | 3146 | Lipid metabolism disorder | An inherited metabolic disorder that involves the creation and degradation of lipids. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid_metabolism | disease of metabolism/ inherited metabolic disorder | Details |
| I12 | 10763 | Hypertension | An artery disease characterized by chronic elevated blood pressure in the arteries. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertension, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24352797 | disease of anatomical entity/ cardiovascular system disease/vascular disease/ artery disease | Details |
| I05 | 9352 | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | A diabetes that is characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. A diabetes mellitus that is characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and relative lack of insulin. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus_type_2 | disease of metabolism/inherited metabolic disorder/ carbohydrate metabolic disorder/glucose metabolism disease/diabetes/ diabetes mellitus | Details |
| I14 | 9970 | Obesity | An overnutrition that is characterized by excess body fat, traditionally defined as an elevated ratio of weight to height (specifically 30 kilograms per meter squared), has_material_basis_in a multifactorial etiology related to excess nutrition intake, decreased caloric utilization, and genetic susceptibility, and possibly medications and certain disorders of metabolism, endocrine function, and mental illness. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obesity | disease of metabolism/acquired metabolic disease/ nutrition disease/overnutrition | Details |
| Drug ID | Drug Name | Type | DrugBank ID | Targets | Category | Latest Progress | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| D083 | CLA | Chemical drug | DB01211 | KCNH2; SLCO1B1; SLCO1B3 | -- | Under clinical trials | Details |
| D316 | S-adenosyl-L-methionine | Chemical drug | DB00118 | GNMT cofactor | Antiviral | Under clinical trials | Details |
| D182 | Insulin | Biological drug | DB00030 | INSR agonist; CPE modulator&product of | -- | Under clinical trials | Details |
| D199 | L-alanine | Chemical drug | DB00160 | KYNU | -- | Failed in clinical trials | Details |