Research Article Details
| Article ID: | A08665 |
| PMID: | 32028458 |
| Source: | Med Sci Sports Exerc |
| Title: | Exercise Training Rapidly Increases Hepatic Insulin Extraction in NAFLD. |
| Abstract: | PURPOSE: We aimed to determine the immediacy of exercise intervention on liver-specific metabolic processes in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. METHODS: We undertook a short-term (7-d) exercise training study (60 min·d treadmill walking at 80%-85% of maximal heart rate) in obese adults (N = 13, 58 ± 3 yr, 34.3 ± 1.1 kg·m, >5% hepatic lipid by H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy). Insulin sensitivity index was estimated by oral glucose tolerance test using the Soonthorpun model. Hepatic insulin extraction (HIE) was calculated as the molar difference in area under the curve (AUC) for insulin and C-peptide (HIE = 1 - (AUCInsulin/AUCC-Pep)). RESULTS: The increases in HIE, V˙O2max, and insulin sensitivity index after the intervention were 9.8%, 9.8%, and 34%, respectively (all, P < 0.05). Basal fat oxidation increased (pre: 47 ± 6 mg·min vs post: 65 ± 6 mg·min, P < 0.05) and carbohydrate oxidation decreased (pre: 160 ± 20 mg·min vs post: 112 ± 15 mg·min, P < 0.05) with exercise training. After the intervention, HIE correlated positively with adiponectin (r = 0.56, P < 0.05) and negatively with TNF-α (r = -0.78, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: By increasing HIE along with peripheral insulin sensitivity, aerobic exercise training rapidly reverses some of the underlying physiological mechanisms associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, in a weight loss-independent manner. This reversal could potentially act through adipokine-related pathways. |
| DOI: | 10.1249/MSS.0000000000002273 |
| Strategy ID | Therapy Strategy | Synonyms | Therapy Targets | Therapy Drugs | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S08 | Lifestyle measures | Lifestyle intervention; weight loss; diet adaptation; dietary interventions; lifestyle modifications; Exercise | -- | -- | Details |
| S01 | Improve insulin resistance | insulin sensitizer; insulin resistance; glucose tolerance | Biguanide: increases 5-AMP activated protein kinase signaling; SGLT-2 inhibitor; Thiazalidinedione: selective PPAR-γ agonists; GLP-1 agonist | Metformin; Empagliflozin; Canagliflozin; Rosiglitazone; Pioglitazone; Liraglutide | Details |
| S02 | Enhance lipid metabolism | triglyceride-lowering; lipid tolerance; lipid metabolism | 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) inhibitor; Decreases intestinal cholesterol absorption; FXR agonist; ACC inhibitor; FAS inhibitor; DGAT2 inhibitor; SCD-1 inhibitor | Atorvastatin; Ezetimibe; Obeticholic Acid; GS-9674; GS-0976; TVB-2640; IONIS-DGAT2rx; Aramchol; | Details |
| Diseases ID | DO ID | Disease Name | Definition | Class | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I05 | 9352 | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | A diabetes that is characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. A diabetes mellitus that is characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and relative lack of insulin. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus_type_2 | disease of metabolism/inherited metabolic disorder/ carbohydrate metabolic disorder/glucose metabolism disease/diabetes/ diabetes mellitus | Details |
| I14 | 9970 | Obesity | An overnutrition that is characterized by excess body fat, traditionally defined as an elevated ratio of weight to height (specifically 30 kilograms per meter squared), has_material_basis_in a multifactorial etiology related to excess nutrition intake, decreased caloric utilization, and genetic susceptibility, and possibly medications and certain disorders of metabolism, endocrine function, and mental illness. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obesity | disease of metabolism/acquired metabolic disease/ nutrition disease/overnutrition | Details |
| Drug ID | Drug Name | Type | DrugBank ID | Targets | Category | Latest Progress | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| D010 | Amoxicillin | Chemical drug | DB01060 | -- | -- | Under clinical trials | Details |
| D018 | Aspirin | Chemical drug | DB00945 | AKR1C1 inhibitor; PCNA downregulator | Enhance lipid metabolism | Under clinical trials | Details |
| D155 | Glucagon | Biological drug | DB00040 | GCGR agonist | Antidiabetic drug | Under clinical trials | Details |
| D182 | Insulin | Biological drug | DB00030 | INSR agonist; CPE modulator&product of | -- | Under clinical trials | Details |