Research Article Details
| Article ID: | A24579 |
| PMID: | 22730920 |
| Source: | Aliment Pharmacol Ther |
| Title: | Review article: non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and osteoporosis--clinical and molecular crosstalk. |
| Abstract: | BACKGROUND: Low bone mineral density (BMD) has been reported in both paediatric and adult patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The mechanisms behind the reduced BMD in NAFLD are still not completely understood. AIM: To provide a critical overview of the pathophysiological pathways linking NAFLD, reduced BMD and osteoporosis, with a special focus on the alterations of soluble mediators which could link fat accumulation in the liver with bone health. The MEDLINE database was searched by a combination of keywords: non-alcoholic fatty liver disease OR hepatic steatosis OR metabolic syndrome OR insulin resistance AND bone mineral density OR osteoporosis OR bone AND biomarkers OR serum marker. RESULTS: Several factors that may influence bone mineralisation and the increased risk of osteoporosis in NAFLD can be discussed. These include the release of cytokines from the inflamed liver which may influence the bone microenvironment, vitamin D deficiency, and limited physical activity. Circulating markers of bone metabolism, including osteopontin, osteoprotegerin, osteocalcin and fetuin-A, have been found to be altered in patients with NAFLD. CONCLUSION: A better understanding of the mechanisms that link bone metabolism and the liver may open a new frontier to fight two highly prevalent conditions like NAFLD and osteoporosis. |
| DOI: | 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2012.05196.x |
| Strategy ID | Therapy Strategy | Synonyms | Therapy Targets | Therapy Drugs | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S01 | Improve insulin resistance | insulin sensitizer; insulin resistance; glucose tolerance | Biguanide: increases 5-AMP activated protein kinase signaling; SGLT-2 inhibitor; Thiazalidinedione: selective PPAR-γ agonists; GLP-1 agonist | Metformin; Empagliflozin; Canagliflozin; Rosiglitazone; Pioglitazone; Liraglutide | Details |
| Diseases ID | DO ID | Disease Name | Definition | Class | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I02 | 5113 | Nutritional deficiency disease | A nutrition disease that is characterized by deficiency of a nutritional element, such as a vitamin, mineral, carbohydrate, protein, fat, or general energy content. https://medlineplus.gov/malnutrition.html | disease of metabolism/acquired metabolic disease/nutrition disease | Details |
| I05 | 9352 | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | A diabetes that is characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. A diabetes mellitus that is characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and relative lack of insulin. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus_type_2 | disease of metabolism/inherited metabolic disorder/ carbohydrate metabolic disorder/glucose metabolism disease/diabetes/ diabetes mellitus | Details |
| I15 | 1290 | Bone disease | A connective tissue disease that affects the structure or development of bone or causes an impairment of normal bone function. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone_disease | disease of anatomical entity/ musculoskeletal system disease/connective tissue disease | Details |
| Drug ID | Drug Name | Type | DrugBank ID | Targets | Category | Latest Progress | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| D248 | Obeticholic Acid | Chemical drug | DB05990 | NR1H4 activator; NR1H4 agonist; FXR agonist | Enhance lipid metabolism | Approval rejected | Details |
| D328 | Serine | Chemical drug | DB00133 | SRR | Improve insulin resistance | Under clinical trials | Details |
| D387 | Vitamin D | Supplement | DB11094 | -- | Vitamin source drug | Under clinical trials | Details |
| D182 | Insulin | Biological drug | DB00030 | INSR agonist; CPE modulator&product of | -- | Under clinical trials | Details |