Research Article Details
| Article ID: | A12880 |
| PMID: | 30244573 |
| Source: | J Agric Food Chem |
| Title: | Black Sesame Seeds Ethanol Extract Ameliorates Hepatic Lipid Accumulation, Oxidative Stress, and Insulin Resistance in Fructose-Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. |
| Abstract: | The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of black sesame seeds ethanol extract (BSSEE) against nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in fructose-fed mice. Mice were fed a standard diet without or with 30% fructose in drinking water for 8 consecutive weeks, while mice in three BSSEE tested groups received different doses of BSSEE (0.5, 1, and 2 mL/kg) once a day from the fifth week to the eighth week. Administration of BSSEE dose-dependently exerted antiobesity and protective effect against metabolism disorder in fructose-fed mice. Histological examinations indicated that administration of BSSEE obviously reduced hepatic lipid accumulation. Insulin tolerance test (ITT) and glucose tolerance test (GTT) along with decreases of serum insulin and glucose levels by BSSEE treatment suggested the improvement of body insulin resistance, and administration of 1 and 2 mL/kg BSSEE mitigated liver insulin resistance as the evidence of downregulated expression of phospho-JNK1/2/3, phospho-NF-κB p65, phospho-IRS1, and phospho-IKK alpha/beta, up-regulated XBP1 expression, and reductions of TNF-α and IL-6 levels. In addition, BSSEE treatment ameliorated hepatic oxidative stress through increasing GSH, vitamin C, and Nrf2 levels, decreasing MDA and NO levels, and enhancing SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px activities. These results demonstrated that BSSEE showed protective effects against NAFLD-related metabolic diseases in fructose-fed mice. Therefore, BSSEE may be a potent dietary supplement to ameliorate the diseases. |
| DOI: | 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b04210 |
| Strategy ID | Therapy Strategy | Synonyms | Therapy Targets | Therapy Drugs | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S01 | Improve insulin resistance | insulin sensitizer; insulin resistance; glucose tolerance | Biguanide: increases 5-AMP activated protein kinase signaling; SGLT-2 inhibitor; Thiazalidinedione: selective PPAR-γ agonists; GLP-1 agonist | Metformin; Empagliflozin; Canagliflozin; Rosiglitazone; Pioglitazone; Liraglutide | Details |
| S02 | Enhance lipid metabolism | triglyceride-lowering; lipid tolerance; lipid metabolism | 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) inhibitor; Decreases intestinal cholesterol absorption; FXR agonist; ACC inhibitor; FAS inhibitor; DGAT2 inhibitor; SCD-1 inhibitor | Atorvastatin; Ezetimibe; Obeticholic Acid; GS-9674; GS-0976; TVB-2640; IONIS-DGAT2rx; Aramchol; | Details |
| S04 | Anti-oxidative stress | oxidative stress | α-tocopherol: antioxidant | Vitamin E | Details |
| Target ID | Target Name | GENE | Action | Class | UniProtKB ID | Entry Name | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T08 | Tumor necrosis factor | TNF | inhibitor | Cytokine | P01375 | TNFA_HUMAN | Details |
| T41 | X-box-binding protein 1 | XBP1 | inhibitor | Protein | P17861 | XBP1_HUMAN | Details |
| T10 | Caspase-1 | CASP1 | inhibitor | Enzyme | P29466 | CASP1_HUMAN | Details |
| T18 | Acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 | ACACA | inhibitor | Enzyme | Q13085 | ACACA_HUMAN | Details |
| Diseases ID | DO ID | Disease Name | Definition | Class | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I05 | 9352 | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | A diabetes that is characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. A diabetes mellitus that is characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and relative lack of insulin. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus_type_2 | disease of metabolism/inherited metabolic disorder/ carbohydrate metabolic disorder/glucose metabolism disease/diabetes/ diabetes mellitus | Details |
| I14 | 9970 | Obesity | An overnutrition that is characterized by excess body fat, traditionally defined as an elevated ratio of weight to height (specifically 30 kilograms per meter squared), has_material_basis_in a multifactorial etiology related to excess nutrition intake, decreased caloric utilization, and genetic susceptibility, and possibly medications and certain disorders of metabolism, endocrine function, and mental illness. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obesity | disease of metabolism/acquired metabolic disease/ nutrition disease/overnutrition | Details |
| Drug ID | Drug Name | Type | DrugBank ID | Targets | Category | Latest Progress | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| D386 | Vitamin C | Supplement | DB00126 | PLOD2 cofactor; PLOD3 cofactor; DBH cofactor; P3H1 cofactor; P3H2 cofactor; P3H3 cofactor; PLOD1 cofactor | -- | Under clinical trials | Details |
| D328 | Serine | Chemical drug | DB00133 | SRR | Improve insulin resistance | Under clinical trials | Details |
| D142 | Fructose | Chemical drug | DB04173 | -- | Intravenous nutrition drug | Under clinical trials | Details |
| D182 | Insulin | Biological drug | DB00030 | INSR agonist; CPE modulator&product of | -- | Under clinical trials | Details |
| D316 | S-adenosyl-L-methionine | Chemical drug | DB00118 | GNMT cofactor | Antiviral | Under clinical trials | Details |
| D158 | Glutathione | Chemical drug | DB00143 | MGST3; HPGDS; GSTM2; GSTM5; GPX7 cofactor; MGST2; GSS; GSTM1; GSTK1; GSTM3; GSTM4; GPX1 cofactor; GPX2 cofactor; GPX3 cofactor | -- | Under clinical trials | Details |